An Ice-Penetrating Signal Denoising Method Based on WOA-VMD-BD

Chang’E-7 will be launched around 2026 to explore resources at the lunar south pole. Glaciers are suitable scenes on earth for penetrating radar verification. In verification experiment, ice-penetrating signals inevitably polluted by noise, affecting accuracy and reliability of glacier detection. This paper proposes a denoising method based combination whale optimization algorithm (WOA), variational mode decomposition (VMD), improved Bhattacharyya distance (BD). Firstly, fitness function WOA is established permutation entropy (PE), number modes K quadratic penalty factor α in VMD optimized using WOA. Then, performed signal obtain multiple intrinsic functions (IMFs). Finally, according BD, relevant IMFs selected reconstruction denoising. The simulation results indicate strengths this enhancing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), its performance better than empirical (EMD). Experiments detected Mengke Glacier No. 29 that WOA-VMD-BD can efficiently eliminate noise from data procure well-defined layered profiles glacier. research helps observe details regolith profile interpret subsequent space exploration missions.